Bibliogr.: p. 267-279

CONTENIDO
1 GROUNDWATER (SOIL WATER) 1
1.1 Soil water in science and practice 1
1.2 Basic information about soil-water-air system 3
1.2.1 Soil properties 6
1.2.2 Water and its properties 10
1.3 Objectives and scope of the book 16
2 SOIL WATER POTENTIAL 19
3 BASIC RELATIONSHIPS FOR FLOW RATE IN POROUS MEDIA 31
3.1 Darcy's law 31
3.2 Relation of Darcy's law to known equations of hydromechanics 40
4 HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY OF SOIL 49
5 BASIC EQUATIONS OF GROUNDWATER FLOW 66
6 ELASTIC PROPERTIES OF SOIL MEDIUM 83
7 NUMERICAL METHODS 104
7.1 Finite-difference method (FDM) 104
7.2 Finite-difference method with asymmetric grid 105
7.3 Finite-element method 111
7.3.1 Weighted residue methods 111
7.3.2 Variational methods 112
7.3.3 Approximating functions 115
7.3.4 Procedure using finite elements 118
8 EXAMPLES OF ONE-DIMENSIONAL SOLUTIONS 153
8.1 Systems without source functions 153
8.1.1 Constant source function at supply boundary 153
8.1.2 Constant flow rate at supply boundary 161
8.2 Systems with source function 167
8.2.1 Potential transpiration 167
8.2.2 Uptake of soil water by plant roots 172
8.2.3 Example of solution with source function 175
9 WATER FLOW TO DRAINAGE 180
9.1 Testing the correctness of numerical algorithm using the theory of water flow in confined aquifer 193
9.1.1 Application of the theory to drains for N = 0.1k 197
9.2 Results of computations versus other solutions 200
10 WATER OUTFLOW FROM SOIL 208
11 WATER INFILTRATION IN SOIL STRATUM 217
11.1 Infiltration of water from channel of given depth hz 217
11.2 Surface supply of known flow rate 222
12 EXAMPLES OF SOLUTIONS FOR UNSTEADY GROUNDWATER FLOW IN DYKES AND DAMS 230
12.1 Seepage through a dyke without surface filter 231
12.2 Groundwater flow through dyke with surface filter 235
12.3 Dyke with highly differentiated subsoil 237
13 SUBSURFACE HILLSIDE SEEPAGE FLOW IN FOREST HYDROLOGY 242
13.1 Models for boundary conditions 245
13.2 Rutter's model for interception E I 248
13.3 Flow area and soil properties 251
13.4 Initial and boundary conditions 254
13.5 Computation procedure 255
13.6 Results and discussion 257
13.6.1 Measured and computed water pressures 260
13.6.2 Measured and computed outflow from catchment área 261
13.7 Conclusions 262
14 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 263
REFERENCES 367