CONTENIDO
Part 1. CALCULATIONS OF WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT AND CONTROL
Chapter 1.1. Basic Science and Fundamentals 1.3
1. Conversion Factors / 1.3
2. Prefixes for SI Units / 1.8
3. Mathematics / 1.8
4. Basic Chemistry and Physics / 1.31
5. Statistics / 1.50
Chapter 1.2. Streams and Rivers 1.71
1. General / 1.72
2. Point Source Dilution / 1.72
3. Discharge Measurement / 1.72
4. Time of Travel / 1.73
5. Dissolved Oxygen and Water Temperature / 1.74
6. Biochemical Oxygen Demand Analysis / 1.78
7. Streeter-Phelps Oxygen SAG Formula / 1.80
8. BOD Models and K1 Computation / 1.81
9. Determination of Reaeration Rate Constant K2 / 1.102
10. Sediment Oxygen Demand / 1.108
11. Organic Sludge Deposits / 1.110
12. Photosynthesis and Respiration / 1.111
13. Natural Self-Purification in Streams / 1.112
14. SOD of DO Usage / 1.131
15. Apportionment of Stream Users / 1.131
16. Velz Reaeration Curve (A Pragmatic Approach) / 1.137
17. Stream DO Model (A Pragmatic Approach) / 1.141
18. Biological Factors / 1.153
Chapter 1.3. Lakes and Reservoirs 1.165
1. Lakes and Impoundment Impairments / 1.165
2. Lake Morphometry / 1.166
3. Water Quality Models / 1.169
4. Evaporation / 1.170
5. The Clean Lakes Program / 1.175
Chapter 1.4. Groundwater 1.207
1. Definition / 1.207
2. Hydrogeologic Parameters / 1.211
3. Steady Flows in Aquifers / 1.220
4. Anisotropic Aquifers / 1.221
5. Unsteady (Nonequilibrium) Flows / 1.222
6. Groundwater Contamination / 1.233
7. Setback Zones / 1.236
Chapter 1.5. Fundamental and Treatment Plant Hydraulics 1.243
1. Definitions and Fluid Properties / 1.243
2. Water Flow in Pipes / 1.250
3. Pumps / 1.275
4. Water Flow in Open Channels / 1.281
5. Flow Measurements / 1.297
Chapter 1.6. Public Water Supply 1.313
1. Sources and Quantity of Water / 1.314
2. Population Estimates / 1.316
3. Water Requirements / 1.320
4. Regulation for Water Quality / 1.324
5. Water Treatment Processes / 1.332
6. Aeration and Air Stripping / 1.333
7. Solubility Equilibrium / 1.355
8. Coagulation / 1.357
9. Flocculation / 1.363
10. Sedimentation / 1.367
11. Filtration / 1.373
12. Water Softening / 1.382
13. Ion Exchange / 1.388
14. Iron and Manganese Removal / 1.402
15. Activated Carbon Adsorption / 1.406
16. Membrane Processes / 1.409
17. Residual from Water Plant / 1.414
18. Disinfection / 1.418
19. Water Fluoridation / 1.439
Chapter 1.7. Wastewater Engineering 1.449
1. What Is Wastewater? / 1.450
2. Characteristics of Wastewater / 1.450
3. Sewer Systems / 1.457
4. Quantity of Wastewater / 1.459
5. Urban Stormwater Management / 1.462
6. Design of Storm Drainage Systems / 1.464
7. Precipitation and Runoff / 1.464
8. Stormwater Quality / 1.468
9. Sewer Hydraulics / 1.473
10. Sewer Appurtenances / 1.473
11. Pumping Stations / 1.477
12. Sewer Construction / 1.480
13. Wastewater Treatment Systems / 1.482
14. Screening Devices / 1.487
15. Comminutors / 1.490
16. Grit Chamber / 1.491
17. Flow Equalization / 1.492
18. Sedimentation / 1.495
19. Primary Sedimentation Tanks / 1.507
20. Biological (Secondary) Treatment Systems / 1.515
21. Activated-Sludge Process / 1.517
22. Trickling Filter / 1.574
23. Rotating Biological Contactor / 1.586
24. Dual Biological Treatment / 1.598
25. Stabilization Ponds / 1.598
26. Secondary Clarifier / 1.605
27. Effluent Disinfection / 1.611
28. Advanced Wastewater Treatment / 1.619
29. Sludge (Residuals) Treatment and Disposal / 1.652
Appendix A. Illinois Environmental Protection Agency's Macroinvertebrate Tolerance List 1.711
Appendix B. Well Function for Confined Aquifers 1.717
Appendix C. Solubility Product Constants for Solution at or near Room Temperature 1.723
Appendix D. Freundlich Adsorption Isotherm Constants for Toxic Organic Compounds 1.727
Part 2 SOLID WASTE CALCULATIONS
Chapter 2.1. Thermodynamics Used in Environmental Engineering 2.3
1. Introduction / 2.4
2. Thermodynamic Terms and Calculations / 2.4
Chapter 2.2. Basic Combustion and Incineration 2.147
1. Introduction / 2.148
2. Basic Combustion Principles / 2.148
3. Basic Mass and Energy Balance Calculation / 2.199
4. Basic Incinerator Design / 2.220
5. System Calculations / 2.239
6. Evaluation of Permit Application Data / 2.294
Chapter 2.3. Practical Design of Waste Incineration 2.317
1. Introduction / 2.317
2. Combustion Process Calculations / 2.317
3. Waste Combustion Systems / 2.333
4. Control of Emissions from Combustion / 2.351
5. Controlled and Uncontrolled Emission Factors / 2.373
6. Conversions and Corrections / 2.378
Chapter 2.4. Calculations for Permitting and Compliance 2.387
1. Introduction / 2.387
2. Calculations of Emissions from the Stack / 2.388
3. Regulatory Emission Standards and Guidelines / 2.394
4. Calculations to Confirm Compliance with Standards / 2.400
5. Environmental Impact of Stack Emissions / 2.414
6. Environmental Risk Assessment / 2.430
Chapter 2.5. Calculational Procedures for Ash Stabilization and Solidification 2.439
Section 2.5.1. Calculational Procedures for Ash Stabilization / 2.441
1. Overview of Processing and Stabilizing Fly Ash / 2.441
2. Calculations of Processing and Stabilizing Fly Ash / 2.445
Appendix A. Material Safety Data Sheet / 2.450
Appendix B. Material Safety Data Sheet. Fly Ash / 2.453
Appendix C. Material Safety Data Sheet. Mixtures / 2.455
Appendix D. Material Safety Data Sheet. CFBC Ash / 2.458
Appendix E. Medical Waste Incinerator. Bottom Ash / 2.461
Appendix F. Medical Waste Incinerator. Fly Ash / 2.462
Section 2.5.2. Catalytic Extraction Processing: Calculating Procedures for Assessing Low Grade Material Processing Potencial / 2.463
3. Overview of Fundamental Catalytic Extraction Processing / 2.463
4. Engineering Calculations of Catalytic Extraction Processing / 2.471
Chapter 2.6. Incineration Technologies and Facility Requirements 2.491
1. Introduction / 1.491
2. Incineration Technology / 1.492
3. Incineration Technology Summary / 1.537
4. Resource Recovery System / 1.537
5. Facility Design Feature / 1.550
6. Summary of Incineration System / 1.570
Part 3 AIR POLLUTION CONTROL CALCULATIONS
Chapter 3.1. Air Emission Control 3.3
1. Introduction / 3.3
2. Air Pollution Definition / 3.4
3. Pollution Emission Calculation / 3.9
4. Gaseous Emission Control Techniques / 3.23
5. Management of Incineration Residue / 3.125
6. Accessory Equipment for Air Pollution Control / 3.127
7. Monitoring Equipment / 3.139
8. Recording Keeping / 3.140
Chapter 3.2. Particulate Emission Control 3.143
1. Introduction / 3.143
2. Basics of Particulate Emission Control / 3.143
3. Factors Affecting the Selection of Particulate Control Equipment / 3.166
4. Particulate Emission Control Equipment / 3.168
5. Particulate Concentration Calculation / 3.216
6. Particulate Emission Control Cost / 3.218
Chapter 3.3. Wet and Dry Scrubbers for Emission Control 3.223
1. Introduction / 3.223
2. Wet Absorption for Particulate Emission Control / 3.225
3. Wet Absorption for Gaseous Emission Control / 3.241
4. Wet Scrubbers for Particulate and Gaseous Emission Control / 3.242
5. Dry Absorption for Gaseous Emission Control / 3.286
6. Accessory Equipment for Scrubber / 3.292
Part 4 Chapter 4.1. Air Toxic Risk Assessment 4.1
1. General / 4.4
2. Emissions and Site Characterization / 4.4
3. Air Dispersion Modelling for Air Toxics / 4.13
4. Exposure Scenarios / 4.23
5. Estimation of Media Concentrations / 4.28
6. Quantifying Exposure / 4.83
7. Human Health Risk and Hazard Calculations / 4.91
8. Air Toxics Chemical and Physical Properties / 4.98
9. Human Health Benchmarks / 4.108
10. Terminology and Variable in Human Health Risk Assessment / 4.110
Part 5 Chapter 5.1. Fundamentals of Fuel Cell Technologies 5.3
1. Introduction / 5.3
2. Fuel Cell Descriptions / 5.4
3. Calculations of Carnot Efficiency and Fuel Cell Efficiency / 5.11