TY - BOOK AU - Fogler,H.Scott TI - Elements of chemical reaction engineering / T2 - Prentice-Hall international series in the physical and chemical engineering sciences SN - 0132635348 PY - 1992/// CY - New Jersey PB - Prentice Hall KW - CINETICA QUIMICA KW - REACCIONES QUIMICAS KW - CHEMICAL REACTORS N1 - CONTENIDO 1. MOLE BALANCES 1 Definition of the Rate of Reaction, menos rA 2 The General Mole Balance Equation 6 Batch Reactors 8 Continuous-Flow Reactors 10 Industrial Reactors 15 2. CONVERSION AND REACTOR SIZING 29 Definition of Conversion 29 Design Equations 30 Applications of the Design Equations 35 Reactors in Series 38 Some Further Definitions 48 3. RATE LAWS AND STOICHIOMETRY 61 Basic Definitions 61 Present Status of Our Approach to Reactor Sizing and Design 72 Stoichiometric Table 72 Reactions with Phase Change 89 4. ISOTHERMAL REACTOR DESIGN 106 Design Structure for Isothermal Reactors 106 Scale-Up of Liquid-Phase Batch Reactor Data to the Design of a CSTR 108 Tubular Reactors 122 Pressure Drop in Reactors 127 Reversible Reactions 144 Unsteady-State Operation of Reactors 149 Simultaneous Reaction and Separation 160 5. COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS OF RATE DATA 190 Batch Reactor Data 191 Method of Initial Rates 205 Method of Half-Lives 207 Least-Squares Analysis 209 Differential Reactors 214 Evaluation of Laboratory Reactors 217 Experimental Design 222 6. CATALYSIS AND CATALYTIC REACTORS 241 Catalysts 241 Steps in a Catalytic Reaction 247 Synthesizing a Rate Law, Mechanism, and Rate-Limiting Step 258 Design of Reactors for Gas-Solid Reactions 269 Heterogeneous Data Analysis for Reactor Design 273 Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) 286 Catalyst Deactivation 289 Moving-Bed Reactors 311 7. NONELEMENTARY HOMOGENEOUS REACTIONS 338 Fundamentals 339 Searching for a Mechanism 342 Polymerization 351 Enzymatic Reaction Fundamentals 359 8. NONELEMENTARY REACTOR DESIGN 383 Rationale 383 The Energy Balance 384 Nonisothermal Continuous-Flow Reactors at Steady State 396 Equilibrium Conversion 417 Unsteady-State Operation 424 Nonadiabatic Reactor Operation: Oxidation of Sulfur Dioxide Example 434 Multiple Steady States 447 9. MULTIPLE REACTIONS 486 Conditions for Maximizing the Desired Product in Parallel Reactions 488 Maximizing the Desired Product in Series Reactions 495 Stoichiometric Table Using Fractional Conversion for Multiple Reactions 499 An Alternative Approach to Using Fractional Conversion 505 Sorting It All Out 521 Nonisothermal Chemical Reactions Summary 524 10. EXTERNAL DIFFUSION EFFECTS ON HETEROGENEOUS REACTIONS 543 Mass Transfer Fundamentals 543 Binary Diffusion 548 External Resistance to Mass Transfer 558 What If. . . ? (Parameter Sensitivity) 578 The Shrinking Core Model 582 11. DIFFUSION AND REACTION IN POROUS CATALYSTS 607 Diffusion and Reaction in Spherical Catalyst Pellets 608 Internal Effectiveness Factor 616 Falsified Kinetics 620 Overall Effectiveness Factor 622 Estimation of Diffusion-and Reaction-Limited Regimes 625 Mass Transfer and Reaction in a Packed Bed 628 The Determination of Limiting Situations from Reaction Data 634 Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) Reactors 635 12. MULTIPHASE REACTORS 660 Slurry Reactors 661 Bioreactors 675 13. DISTRIBUTIONS OF RESIDENCE TIMES FOR CHEMICAL REACTORS 708 General Characteristics 708 Measurement of the (RTD) 712 Characteristics of the RTD 719 The RTD in Ideal Reactors 729 Reactor Modeling with the RTD 737 Zero-Parameter Models 738 14. ANALYSIS OF NONIDEAL REACTORS 759 The Basic Idea 759 One-Parameter Models 761Two-Parameter Models-Modeling Real Reactors with Combinations of Ideal Reactors 776 Testing a Model and Determining Its Parameters 780 Other Models of Nonideal Reactors Using CSTRs and PFRs 790 Using the RTD versus Needing a Model 790 A. GRAPHICAL AND NUMERICAL TECHNIQUES 807 B. IDEAL GAS CONSTANT AND CONVERSION FACTORS 817 C. THERMODYNAMIC RELATIONSHIPS INVOLVING THE EQUILIBRIUM CONSTANT 818 D. MEASUREMENT OF SLOPES 823 E. OPEN-ENDED PROBLEMS 826 F. NOMENCLATURE 830 INDEX 833 ER -